Preschool and Elementary School Studies

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the place of moral education in the curriculum of hedyehhaie aseman from the viewpoint of teachers with emphasis on thinking and thinking skills, critique and evaluation, social responsibility and pragmatism. The research method is descriptive and survey type. The statistical population consisted of all male and female teachers of the fifth and sixth grade of the north of West Azarbayejan province (Chayparet, Maku and Poldasht), which 136 teachers based on Morgan and Karjesian tables were selected by stratified random sampling based on two gender variables Students were selected through a questionnaire and 40 question based on the five-choice Likert spectrum were used to collect the data. Descriptive statistics, Friedman test and independent t-test were used to analyze the data. The results showed that in both the fifth and sixth components of social responsibility and pragmatism are the most important and the least important. From the viewpoint of the fifth grade male and female teachers, there is no significant difference in the components of thinking and reasoning, critique, evaluation and pragmatism, but there is a significant difference in relation to social responsibility component. Similarly, from the viewpoint of male and female teachers at the sixth grade, there is no significant difference in the components of critique, evaluation and pragmatism, but there is a significant difference between the components of thinking and reasoning and social responsibility. In general, students' knowledge and awareness of their social responsibility are emphasized in the content of the material, but pragmatism (attitude in behavior) as the highest level of moral thinking has not been of a desirable level.

Abstract The importance of environmental education are well known globally among communities. In the meantime, Childhood importance of building environmental attitudes and environmental education in this period, a way to develop environmental attitudes in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of computer games on waste management concepts to preschoolers. The method of this study was pretest-posttest with control group. The study population was all children preschool Baharan in the academic year 2013-2014. The statistical sample of 30 students randomly into two groups (1 control and 1 control group) were selected. Data were collected by researcher-designed in three dimensions: knowledge, attitude, and behavior of the waste management), which is calculated after determining its validity and reliability (80/0) with a Pictures include the question asked by educators and children were questioned separately on the face. The first step before training as pre-test and post-test of the second stage after finishing training as examined. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics test. The results of the test demonstrate that the significant level of knowledge variable (sig = .038), attitude (sig = .000) and in favor of Waste Management (sig = .000) obtained from 05 / smaller as a result of the hypothesis that the effectiveness of environmental education to children in pre-school Rayanh‌Ay Bazy‌Hay confirmed in throughput. Due to the residual effects of computer games in education concepts can be extended to produce this category of games for environmental education and the benefits it used.
 

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the application of information and communications technology challenges from the perspective of primary school teachers. This study was a practical goal and its method was survey-descriptive. The population of this study was the all primary school teachers in two areas of Tehran of which are academic year 93-94 that by purposive sampling method, 265 subjects were selected as sample. Data were gathered using questionnaires consisting of 32 questions. To determine the validity, the teachers and education experts were used. The reliability was determined by Cronbach’s alpha by using SPSS software equivalent of 0.92. To analyze the data and identify the challenges use of Exploratory Factor Analysis. The results show that the challenges faced by schools in the field of ICT applications include: lack of equipment - technical, cultural malaise, teachers’ motivational- educational weakness, poor infrastructure and lack of finance and economic planning and management.

Abstract The aim of this inquiry was to explore, through critical look, the current situation of pre-school of Iran. The approach of this research is totally qualitative and has been done by adopting Phenomenography as an appropriate research method. The targets that the research aimed were typical Pre-school centers in three provinces of Tehran, Alborz and Kohgiloyeh-Boyerahmad. Among those centers, 15 pre-school centers have been selected by using of purposive sampling. For gathering data, semi-structured interview was used to explore teachers’ and managers’ views and comments in order to identify the issues and problems exist in their pre-school centers. The research findings indicate that the fundamental problems lay in these fields: Damage macro management of preschool, Damage of pre-school curriculum, Damage human resources of preschool, Damage related to the legal status of preschool and some other issues and damage are related to family and parents. Which continue to be investigated.

Abstract The aim of this research was to design a model for entrepreneurship curriculum for preschool children and its evaluation due to the viewpoint of specialists in curriculum, entrepreneurship and educators. The applied research is evaluative and it has a field method. The population in this study involved all curriculum planners, entrepreneurship scholars and specialists working in universities of Tehran and Islamic Azad university, science and research Branch and educators working in preschool centers in Tehran, who has passed the course of early childhood educator in department of Tehran University Jihad (2014-2015). The sample size which was determined using stratified sampling and was a total number of 208. Data collection tool were a researcher-based questionnaire based on the curriculum content. For data analysis descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-squared.x^2) were used. The overall results showed that
according to the designed a model for curriculum in this research, entrepreneurship for preschool children, it is not only business education but also entrepreneurship has designed as an attitude and life style in form of a model of entrepreneurship curriculum and on the basis of three main components, knowledge, attitude and entrepreneurship skill for preschool children, and its main axis according to childhood developmental properties such as: creativity, willingness to work and continuous efforts, curiosity, dynamic and ongoing activities, positive thinking, independency, desire to succeed, and responsibility. Also, the results of evaluation on model in view of the entrepreneurship specialists, curriculum planners and preschool educators is appropriate and approves it. Therefore, according to the finding of this study training of entrepreneurship in the form of model of curriculum, since early childhood for nurturing self-actualized, accomplished and independence children has been suggested.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the hindrances which elementary-school teachers encounter in teaching art courses in the six fold municipal districts of Isfahan. The sample of this study was drawn from 356 teachers of Isfahan in academic year 2012 – 2013. A gender- and quantity-based stratified random sampling technique was utilized for this study. A descriptive observational research design was opted. For the purposes of this study, a 45-item questionnaire was developed and used by the researcher. This questionnaire enjoys face and content validity and its reliability has been measured through Cronbach’s alpha, which was 0.871. For statistical analyses of the data, a one-sample t-test, an independent-sample t-test and F of ANOVA were run. According to the results of the study, the following reasons can be enumerated as the factors which hinder teaching art courses: teachers’ negative attitude, lack of skilled teachers, teachers’ lack of familiarity with proper teaching methods, lack of facilities and defective assessment in art courses as above-average-level factors; principals’ lack of awareness of the art’s role as an average-level factor; and planners’ and officials’ negligence, ignorance of the importance of art on the part of parents as below-average factors.

Abstract The study was conducted in to compare social skills of 4 to 5 years old preschool children of Eyvan-e-Gharb city (Ilam province). The method was descriptive-survey research. Children statistical population was 4 to 5 years old preschool children of Eyvan-e-Qarb city in academic year 1393-1394. The sampling method was one stage cluster sampling in which 380 children were randomly selected in 30 clusters based on Cochran cluster sample size determination formulae. The used instrument was social skills questionnaire (Akers & Sadjoo, 1990). The questionnaire reliability, calculated using Cronbach’ Alpha, was equal to 0.71. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential (independent samples T test and one sample T test) statistics. The results showed that social skills scores are normally distributed. The results of independent samples T test also showed that girls mean scores of social skills (14.57) are significantly more than boys mean scores (13.87). The social skills mean score of preschool children was also more than the supposed population mean (0.50). Thus, the results indicate that the children have more ability relative to the criterion score. With regard to the low social skills of boys in comparison to girls, it is recommended that some programs be planned and implemented for training the skills to boys before entrance to school.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate and clarify the educational needs of primary school students׳ parents in their childrens׳ educational issues. Due to the nature and objectives of the study, it was carried out based on a survey study. The population targeted at for this study included principals (28), educators (24) of family education, as well as parents (310) in all districts of Tehran province. The sample was selected based on a multi-stage cluster sampling. The research instruments were a researcher-made questionnaire and an interview were used to collect data from the participants. Descriptive statistics and T-tests were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that from parents’, instructors’, and principals’ view, the content of such courses was relatively harmonious with the educational needs of parents, but it did not cover all the educational needs of attending parents. The other educational needs of parents were: The relationship between parents and children, Familiarity with books suitable for children, Understanding the physical and psychological needs of children and how to ensure they, the physical and mental health of children, Principles of Child Nutrition. Since the content of such courses did not cover all needs of parents, it was suggested to instructors to identify other needs of parents based on a survey in advance and include them in their instruction program.